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Comments: 470 +-   360 Disc Scratching Serious Problem on Monday January 02 2006, @08:15AM

Posted by Zonk on Monday January 02 2006, @08:15AM
from the watch-what-you-play dept.
xbox
Though Microsoft has previously stated that a reported problem where Xbox 360s may be scratching game discs was relatively rare, it's apparently common enough that rental agency GameFly has an official policy on the problem. From Gamasutra: "We have received reports that certain XBOX 360 consoles have caused damage to GameFly videogames. Unfortunately, we have been notified that you recently returned a damaged XBOX 360 game. As a precaution, we have removed all XBOX 360 games from your GameQ. Please contact Microsoft at 1-800-4MY-XBOX. Please do not rent XBOX 360 games until you have resolved this issue. In the future, should GameFly receive XBOX 360 games from you that have been damaged, you will be charged a replacement fee."
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  • simple solution.. (Score:5, Insightful)

    by mustafap (452510) on Monday January 02 2006, @08:19AM (#14378010)
    Just make a copy of it first, and play the copy inste... ah. silly me.
    • Re:simple solution.. (Score:5, Interesting)

      by alexhs (877055) on Monday January 02 2006, @08:27AM (#14378032) Homepage Journal
      Only one comment and someone already came with the same point I would have written...
      But I don't think it's funny, it's just the normal use of a backup copy...
      GameFly shouldn't charge its customers but instead ask the game editor for a disk replacement. After all, they're not buying discs but licenses, right ?
      • by chrismcdirty (677039) on Monday January 02 2006, @08:50AM (#14378093) Homepage
        You're paying for a license to play the game until you need a backup copy of the game. But when you do need a copy, you're suddenly paying for the physical media.
        • Re:simple solution.. (Score:4, Informative)

          by sqlrob (173498) on Monday January 02 2006, @08:57AM (#14378106)
          No EULA? No click-through is more accurate.

          Go look in the back of the manual.
            • What game did you look at?

              I double checked San Andreas before posting, and I remember seeing it in Champions of Norrath.

              In San Andreas, it's the section labelled "Warranty".
        • by Pr0Hak (2504) on Monday January 02 2006, @10:13AM (#14378465)
          Just because you don't click "I Agree" to a license agreement does not mean that the work has no protections under copyright law. Although there is no contract between you and the publisher, what you have purchased is the media and the right to access the copyrighted work on the media -- you can't legally go out and make copies of the game for all your buddies anymore than you can legally make and give away a bunch of copies of a book you have purchased from a bookstore.
      • by mustafap (452510) on Monday January 02 2006, @08:31AM (#14378046)
        >so it's not your game to copy.

        I completely agree it's not mine to copy, but it will become mine pretty damned quickly if I scratch it. And I bet I would be charged the full game price as a replacement.

        Maybe the rental company should have backups. Kind of makes me nervous about renting games now.
        • by User 956 (568564) on Monday January 02 2006, @09:03AM (#14378131) Homepage
          I completely agree it's not mine to copy, but it will become mine pretty damned quickly if I scratch it. And I bet I would be charged the full game price as a replacement. Maybe the rental company should have backups. Kind of makes me nervous about renting games now.

          This kind of blows a big hole in the *AA's argument that all this copy protection BS is really about preventing piracy. It seems to me that more and more, it's about getting the customer to buy multiple copies of the same content.

          This point is even more obvious when you look at the way the Blue-ray copy protection works [cdfreaks.com]. If you get even the tiniest scratch on the ROM MARK on the disc, the disc is UNUSABLE. Doesn't matter if the rest of the surface of the disc is pristine, your $30 movie is now worthless. (yes, $30, you know they're going to charge 2x or 3x what a normal DVD costs).

          That spells it out pretty clearly. The future is downloaded movies. And music. and games. And no, I'm not talking about DRM'ed ones that you pay for.
      • by CarpetShark (865376) on Monday January 02 2006, @10:24AM (#14378534)

        Actually, it IS his copy of the game, for as long as he's rented it. Essentially, he has an unseen license with his copy. If that copy fails, the license is still valid, and he should be able to whip out another copy, and use it instead, without any problems.

        However, anyone who buys an X-Box is supporting a company that wants to harm their rights, so it's a non-issue for me either way. Make your bed, lie in it.

  • Whoa... (Score:5, Funny)

    by Anonymous Coward on Monday January 02 2006, @08:21AM (#14378012)
    Would you please stop ridiculing XBox360 fanboys?

    I've spend $400 on that console and don't want to hear bad news about it.
        • Re:Why not? (Score:5, Interesting)

          by Retroneous (879615) on Monday January 02 2006, @10:08AM (#14378445) Homepage
          I feel like a complete fool. Thanks for pointing out the error of my ways.

          I've paid retail price (not eBay price) for an Xbox360 with PGR3, Call of Duty 2 and Condemned. I've plugged the console in, put a game in, sat down in my favourite chair - and played three incredibly addictive and FUN games. It hasn't crashed once (because I didn't lag the power supply with fourteen blankets) and it hasn't scratched a disc (because I haven't moved the console from vertical to horizontal whilst a disc is spinning) - yet.

          What an idiot I am! I got to play games that I enjoyed. I must be missing the point, but I thought that was the idea of this pasttime that we call gaming. If it isn't, then somebody please show me exactly what the point is, before I "waste" even more of my money on having fun.

          "and should Microsoft ever acknowledge that there is anything wrong with the game consoles, you can get a full repair/replacement" - RTFA. Microsoft DID acknowledge the problem.
  • by Anonymous Coward on Monday January 02 2006, @08:22AM (#14378016)
    Just an FYI. I don't know if they will still do that, but their 'accept all return' policy is handy for this...
  • More problems? (Score:5, Interesting)

    by LoRdTAW (99712) on Monday January 02 2006, @08:22AM (#14378017)
    And I thought Microsoft has enough of a back eye with faulty power supplies, bad consoles and some people even having defective accessories like the hdd and wireless controllers. This 360 roll out looks to be seriously rushed in order to get a one up on Sony. Unfortunatly they keep tripping over there own feet.
    • by Tim Browse (9263) on Monday January 02 2006, @08:57AM (#14378108)
      and some people even having defective accessories like the hdd and wireless controllers.

      You mean some people have bought accessories for a large scale global consumer product, and some of them are faulty?

      Say it aint so! This is brand new information!

      • Re:More problems? (Score:5, Insightful)

        by SuiteSisterMary (123932) <slebrun AT gmail DOT com> on Monday January 02 2006, @09:10AM (#14378166) Homepage Journal

        Yeah. Don't you just love how nobody mentions the massive flaws and return rates for the launches of the Playstation 1, the Dreamcast, and the Playstation 2?

        • Re:More problems? (Score:5, Informative)

          by Anonymous Coward on Monday January 02 2006, @10:15AM (#14378483)
          I picked up my Dreamcast the night of launch at around 12:15 AM. I got it home by 12:30 AM. Opened it up and got it hooked up by 12:40 AM. Put in Sonic the Hedgehog and couldn't get passed the setup dashboard. Put in Blue Stinger and had the same effect. System made grinding noises and shook when attempting to read either game. Took out the disk and noticed shearing marks across the surface. Packaged the system back up by 1:00 AM. Got back to the store at 1:15 AM. They were still open with a fairly sizable line out of the door. Walked in and returned it right then and there with a bunch of onlookers who were completely aghast. Got the replacement back home but decided that I really needed to get up for work at 6:00 AM so I went to bed.

          The next day I managed to play Sonic the Hedgehog for about 20 minutes. Blue Stinger again wouldn't manage past the setup dashboard. In this case, however, there was no scratching. After the first game on Sonic I couldn't get it to load again. It took about a week to obtain a copy of Sonic the Hedgehog that would work reliably. No luck with Blue Stinger so I traded that out for something else entirely. Found out later that one of the three or four manufacturing plants that was pressing Dreamcast games was fucking them all up and about 66% of all Sonic the Hedgehogs was affected as well as nearly all Blue Stingers.

          Launches go to shit sometimes. We in the US are often fairly shielded from this because Japan is oftentimes the guinea pig. We got to miss out on the majority of Nintendo and Playstation failures as a result. Playstation 2 had a bunch of problems, from overheating consoles to memory card corruption which led to DVD firmware corruption and the loss of the ability to play DVDs entirely. Those items were fixed by the time the console jumped the pond.

          The moral of this story is that shit will always go wrong, the question is how badly. The Dreamcast launch was a total mess given the game fabrication SNAFU. The 360 launch is relatively quiet as a result, other than people trashing all things Microsoft. The quoted failure rate is around 2-3%, which is actually quite low. I don't even expect that high of a success rate when I purchase workstations in bulk (250 per order, expected failure rate around 5%, mostly due to hard drive failure, within the first month).
    • by ccharles (799761) on Monday January 02 2006, @11:16AM (#14378801)
      having defective accessories like the hdd and wireless controllers
      Ha! I can understand the power supplies, hard drives and scratched disks, but controllers coming without wires at all? Come on, people: let's have some quality control!
  • by ceeam (39911) on Monday January 02 2006, @08:27AM (#14378030)
    XBox360? How 'bout Happy-Fun-XBox?
  • by MadCow42 (243108) on Monday January 02 2006, @08:28AM (#14378034) Homepage
    I'd continue doing business with them anyways. They're making the user aware of a real problem, but not charging them for the first damaged disc(s). It's only fair that damages after they're made aware of the issue are chargeable.

    Most companies would charge for the first discs too - after all, it's the rental company that's most likely to have to swallow the cost (unless Microsoft coughs up... how likely is that to a rental house?).

    Kudos to them...

    MadCow.
    • Doesn't seem so fair to me. How do they know the xbox damaged the disc? What if is was damaged by the employee who was checking it for damage, and they want to cover their ass? That's what I would do if I worked there and scratched a disc. What if it was damaged in any other way?

      Now if three or four discs came back from they same customer damaged, they might have a case. But one disc?

  • by Anonymous Coward on Monday January 02 2006, @08:30AM (#14378040)
    Sometimes I wonder if a competing company is behind some of these stories.

    At a minimum, the headline of "360 Disc Scratching Serious Problem" is a little sensationalist, no?

    Just because a game rental company comes up with an official policy to deal with an issue, doesn't mean that issue is a "serious problem" - usually it just means that it happened often enough that they wanted to put something down on paper to reduce support calls. (And, frankly, warning users that their consoles might be causing disk damage is a good idea. But that isn't something that's limited to the 360. PS2s have been known to scratch disks as well.)

    What about posting a story about the majority of Xbox 360 users that don't have any problems, instead of the (vocal) small percentage who do? Or maybe a story about the fast turnaround time of Xbox 360 tech support? (5-7 days for a brand new / fixed console, for a friend of mine)

    I can honestly say that I have not had a single problem since I got my Xbox 360 on release day. (I am waiting on some games to push the hardware to its max, but that's a separate issue.)
    • by Fred Or Alive (738779) on Monday January 02 2006, @08:46AM (#14378083)
      Because positive stories ("Man very happy with Xbox 360 technical support") don't make good news.
    • Yeah, stories like "Plane crashes, 300 dead" are sensationalist, why don't they write stories about the billions of people who didn't die that day?
    • What about posting a story about the majority of Xbox 360 users that don't have any problems, instead of the (vocal) small percentage who do? Or maybe a story about the fast turnaround time of Xbox 360 tech support? (5-7 days for a brand new / fixed console, for a friend of mine)

      I can honestly say that I have not had a single problem since I got my Xbox 360 on release day. (I am waiting on some games to push the hardware to its max, but that's a separate issue.)


      So, until it happens to you, the problem doesn't exist?

      I've heard about the scratching problem on X-Box 360s from more places than this article. If a "majority" are okay, it doesn't mean it's not a problem. If any systems are scratching disks then it's a risk. The question is, is it an *acceptable* disk? If just 5% of X-box 360s scratched disks so they became unplayable, then that's bad enough that Microsoft deserves more than just a black eye for it.

      Microsoft needs to acknowledge the problem, issue a statement on it, and offer to replace any affected X-box 360s *and games* with a minimum of fuss. The systems should be under warrenty at the moment so that shouldn't be a problem right now, but what about the games affected? And what if the problem only shows up after the system is out of the warrenty period?

      Didn't some rumors like this start floating around, something about failing optical drives, when the PS2 was released?
      • by Indras (515472) * on Monday January 02 2006, @10:12AM (#14378459)
        I've heard about the scratching problem on X-Box 360s from more places than this article. If a "majority" are okay, it doesn't mean it's not a problem. If any systems are scratching disks then it's a risk. The question is, is it an *acceptable* disk? If just 5% of X-box 360s scratched disks so they became unplayable, then that's bad enough that Microsoft deserves more than just a black eye for it.

        I can't help but make a comment on this. I repair machines in a plastics factory, we make parts for dashboards in various vehicles. For us, defective products are measured in PPM (and I'm sure it's the same across the industry). It's short for Parts Per Million.

        We have internal PPM - scratched parts, short shots, bad paint, etc., that are caught by the operators and quality inspectors before they leave the building. More importantly is external PPM - defective parts that we didn't catch, that made it out of the building to the customer site and were rejected and sent back. Naturally, this makes our customers angry and costs us a bundle (since we pay for shipping both ways).

        Just today I overheard a meeting between a line boss and his operators. He was ranting over how terrible our PPM scores were: Internal - 23,000 External - 151.

        Yes, that's 151 bad parts per million that we produced and sent out of our building. That's less than 0.02% defect rate. If our external PPM ever got over 1% for a particular department (1000 parts per million), it would not be surprising to see some operators and quality inspectors fired. In my plants, a 4-digit PPM is a capitol crime.

        Now, to hear that there may be 5% of XBox 360's that scratch discs makes me shudder. That's high enough for a full recall of all products while the issue was sorted out.

        I'm guessing that you were just making up a figure, but you picked a rather large one.
        • by CMiYC (6473) on Monday January 02 2006, @10:50AM (#14378668) Homepage
          I'm guessing that you were just making up a figure, but you picked a rather large one.

          Consumer electronics has a failure rate between 3-5% (once in customer hands.)

          You are comparing two completely different industries. The complexity of a computer system (in this case a video game system) is far higher than plastic injected into a mold. My apologizes for simplifying a plastic dashboard to that extreme.

          Once an electronics product ships out the door, 1 transistor out of the millions inside the various chips can cause the entire system to fail. One solder ball out of the thousands can come loose during shipping and cause the entire system to fail. So no, 5% is not too large. It is industry standard for consumer electronics.
  • by lxs (131946) on Monday January 02 2006, @08:30AM (#14378043)
    ...to wait at least a year after launch before buying a new console. In addition to the cost savings, a chance to check out the competition, and developers learning to fully use the power of the new system.
  • Fair policy (Score:5, Insightful)

    by Anonymous Coward on Monday January 02 2006, @08:34AM (#14378055)
    All drives can do this when you turn them quickly during highspeed disc reading. It is the same thing that happens when you try to turn a spinning wheel from a cycle.

    People should learn not to move their hardware through various positions when using it.
    IMO, it's fair enough to request that the loaner replaces the damaged disc, if they are properly informed about it before they rent a game.

    -JaL
  • by codeTurtle (942468) <gemmaturtleNO@SPAMgmail.com> on Monday January 02 2006, @08:45AM (#14378076) Homepage
    ...I won't be getting a 360 til the end of it's lifecycle. It's clearly been rushed out for release to get a perceived edge over Sony (and to a lesser extent, Ninendo). I think that this means that the PS3 and the Revolution will end up being much more rounded, robust consoles - Sony and Nintendo know they're not going to be first to market, so they can afford to spend a little more time getting the consoles right. Plus hopefully there'll actually be a decent number of games available at launch... ;)
  • by BillGod (639198) on Monday January 02 2006, @08:49AM (#14378091)
    In these days everyone is looking for any reason to bash the giant. Make jokes and poke fun. I have been a Microsoft user since DOS 3. I have been telling people for years that most of what they hear is just hype and to ignore it. I can't seem to find it in me anymore to stick up for them. None of my computers are running IE anymore due to a 6 hour virus removal fiasco. And there is no way in hell I will purchase an xbox 360 for my house any time soon. My son keeps begging me for one. How do you explain to an 11 year old that it sucks now.. but may get better by next year?
  • by Guppy06 (410832) on Monday January 02 2006, @08:54AM (#14378101) Journal
    You're telling me that there are not only enough Xbox 360s out there, but there are enough of those 360 owners that are also GameFly subscribers and that enough of those people who have both a 360 and a GameFly subscription also have a disk-eating machine that they instituted this new policy specifically for 360 games?

    That's what, six people?

    If anything, this policy is a continuation of a standing policy for all consoles, and they probably deal with far more disk-eating PS2s than disk-eating 360s, simply because of the installed base.

    And before I'm accused of being a Microsoft apologist, I am a foaming-at-the-mouth Nintendo fanboy who would only get an Xbox 360 for Final Fantasy XI.
  • easy fix... (Score:5, Funny)

    by gfanboy (937770) on Monday January 02 2006, @09:16AM (#14378188)
    MS should just remove their slash code
  • by gamorck (151734) <jaylittle@NOspAM.jaylittle.com> on Monday January 02 2006, @09:17AM (#14378196) Homepage
    My sources tell me that the discs get scratched when people decide to change the orientation of their XBOX 360 while this disc is spinning. So lets say that they have a game in the XBOX 360, they hit pause and suddenly decide, "I don't like how this thing looks horizontal, let me sit it vertically and see how it looks". During that transition, the spinning disc will actually collide with the tray and cause extreme damage to the disc rendering it useless. Oh and there is also a loud grinding noise.

    Anybody stupid enough to damage their game this way probably deserves to pay for the replacement fee as it is. This information has been relayed to me and confirmed by a regional manager at Gamestop and given the number of stores he manages, I'm quite willing to take his word for it.
      • CD Walkmans are much less likely to scratch CDs because the CD is held in place parallel to the disc tray. When you push the CD onto the spindle, the little nubs at the top of the spindle hold it in place. Laptop optical drives work the same way.

        AFAIK, tray-loading optical drives (like those in PCs and game consoles) only have a taller conical spindle and something to apply a little pressure to hold the disc in place. I'm not familiar with the internal workings of tray-loading optical drives, so I can't say for sure. However it works, it's obviously not very effective. ;)
  • by Keruo (771880) on Monday January 02 2006, @09:18AM (#14378203)
    The console manual quite clearly states that "do not move the console while it's operating a disc".
    If someone managed to wreck their rented disc, all they can blaim is themselves, and pay the repair fee.
    Some home insurances might even compensate the destroyed disc, if you claimed it as an accident.
    • by infinite9 (319274) on Monday January 02 2006, @11:56AM (#14379022)
      Some home insurances might even compensate the destroyed disc, if you claimed it as an accident.

      Kids, don't try this at home. Filing a home owner's insurance claim over a $50 game is just plain stupid. Depending on the insurance company's policy, they may count actual dollar amounts, or number of claims. But if you get enough of either or both, you run the risk of getting black-listed. Basically, the insurance company happily pays your claim, then drops you next year. When you go to find new home owner's insurance, every company will ask if you've been dropped in the last five years. Since saying no is fraud, you have to say yes. And they turn you down. No one will give you home owner's insurance. But your mortgage company requires it. So when you can't get it, you're force-placed, meaning the mortgage company goes out and buys a policy for you, then charges you for it. Can you guess how much that will cost compared to your current insurance? File a home owner's insurance claim when your house burns down, or when a drunk driver crashes through the wall and into your living room, or when a hurricane tears the roof off and it rains in your bedroom, not for stupid stuff like this.
  • Content or media? (Score:3, Informative)

    by nurb432 (527695) on Monday January 02 2006, @09:24AM (#14378223) Homepage Journal
    So what are we buying/renting here? The content or the media?

    Sounds like a double standard here.. where the consumer gets screwed no matter what.
  • by Rihahn (879725) on Monday January 02 2006, @10:48AM (#14378657)
    It seems to me that, somewhere along the line, CD/DVD media moguls discovered that if they make the plastic softer people have to buy more CD/DVD media when it scratches. I mean, compare a CDR from the store today to a CDR from ten years ago... They're night and day as far as the plastics are concerned.

    I guess it all boils down to the fact that the old CD advertising line of "Lasts forever!" is simply bad for business.

  • by r00td43m0n (796630) on Monday January 02 2006, @12:05PM (#14379072)
    I'm an employee at EBGames and when we first received our demo unit we were putting in games left and right to see how they looked. One time one of us ended up moving the system to adjust something in the interactive. Later on when we were switching games we noticed the disc was scratched. It has happened a few more times but only when moving the system. I'm not saying not to slighty re-adjust it but don't move it from horizontal to vertical or any big changes to the current position of the system if a game is being played.
  • by ZekeSMZ (874386) on Monday January 02 2006, @02:10PM (#14379842)
    I was one of those fools who waiting in line at 5 in the morning to be the first to get my hands on a PS2. I was lucky enough to procure one, and after a week of playing it - my Tekken Tag Team and SSX discs had circular scratches around them and were unplayable. I didn't move my PS2 while the drive was spinning - the machine just ate the discs.

    Hopefully Microsoft will be a lot better about handling these repairs.

    Initially, Sony wanted to charge me nearly 100 bucks for the privelege of them diagnosing the problem. (even though the machine was underwarantee). A few letters later, combined with multiple calls to the Better Business Bureau - Sony capitulated, repaired my PS2 and replaced my games.

    The only downside is that when I got the game discs back in the mail, they all contained rootkits ;-)
    • I could fuck up things as often as Micro$oft and still pull in metric tons of money.

      That's the problem with them, and why so many of us are critical of them. They fuck things up, and we have to keep paying for it with our time, expertise and cash. It's called an abuse of monopoly power.
    • How did this comment get modded "Insightful"? Seriously, Microsoft has to have done something right to have come this far and have as much force as they do in the market, even if it's not video games and hardware that they excel at. Among questionable business practices and glaringly lacking browser functionality, there are some redeeming qualities.

      I wish I could own a company that, even though tons of idiots deride my success, can continue to succeed and innovate as much (or as little) as Microsoft.
      • Re:I wish... (Score:5, Insightful)

        by gstoddart (321705) on Monday January 02 2006, @11:58AM (#14379034) Homepage
        How did this comment get modded "Insightful"? Seriously, Microsoft has to have done something right to have come this far and have as much force as they do in the market, even if it's not video games and hardware that they excel at. Among questionable business practices and glaringly lacking browser functionality, there are some redeeming qualities.

        Well, it all started when they signed an onerous monopoly licensing agreement with IBM that said their OS would be distributed with all machines, and that everyone had to pay them wether or not they wanted it. Then they made boat loads of money.

        They've steadily been putting out incremental, costly upgrades to work out the shoddy workmanship since. This made them further boat loads of money. It eventually took a lawsuit to be able to buy a PC without Microsoft being paid as well -- you remember that, right?

        Now, they use all of those boat loads of money to move into markets and basically take them over. There have been tons of examples of better quality products being pushed out of the market by Microsoft overwhelming them. (Either by buying them, stealing their technology, making their OS incompatible, not adhering to standards, or just playing the waiting game of who could afford to lose the most money in a market segment.)

        Microsoft has made an industry out of selling shoddy/first version products that eventually get upgraded to reasonable products through a long and costly upgrade cycle, and convincing everyone along the way it was all for the best.

        As much as it always sounds like people are just bashing Microsoft because they can, it is perfectly insightful of the poster to point out that Microsoft can continue to keep putting out dodgy stuff and still make oodles of money -- they've always done so.

        Microsoft can perpetuate itself because it has such a huge war chest, and a guaranteed revenue stream from upgrades and new customers who don't seem to have options, or don't know better when they do.

        You may personally disagree with the sentiment, but having been watching it happen for the last 20 years, that's how it seems to have played out to me.
    • Easy problem to solve... don't be an early adopter. Wait until the reviews/problem reports come out. Then decide whether or not you want to purchase the product. I'm sure the Xbox 360 will be fine a year from now after this public beta test.
    • by Guppy06 (410832) on Monday January 02 2006, @08:59AM (#14378116) Journal
      Insightful?

      It doesn't matter what angle the unit is at so long as you're not moving between horizonal and veritcal while the disk is spinning. The potential for damage is when the disc is spinning fast enough for gyroscopic physics to try to torqe the disk at a right angle from the direction the console is moving, pushing the disk into things it really shouldn't come into contact with.

      Otherwise, gravity pulling from one direction instead of another in and of itself wouldn't cause damage to the disk. If anything, having the console horizonal would be worse as gravity would be pulling the data surface (rather than the edge) down onto the disk tray.
    • Sucks to be in Microsoft hardware right about now, thought they would have learned their lesson five fucken' years ago.
      That the japanese market is extremely insular? You really can't compare incumbent Japanese companies to outside companies, and try to draw straightforward conclusions, because Japanese consumers in many markets prefer Japanese brands.
Nothing is easier than to denounce the evildoer; nothing is more difficult than to understand him. - Fyodor Dostoevski