Playstation 2 Innards, Annotated 67
Kenneth writes: "Firingsquad.com just released a really hefty technical article explaining exactly how the PS2 works. It goes into detail about the number of FMAC/FDIV units each PS2 processor contains vs. other computing platforms, and actually delves into more than just the graphics capabilities of the machine." The article also addresses some of the corporate / technological history of how that cute blue box came to be cooler than hula-hoops.
Re:What about Dreamcast? (Score:1)
Nintendo uses RDRAM (Score:2)
At least this glossary says the Expansion pack has it, and the system itself has 4mb of RDRAM...
http://www.pcquest.com/nov98/speed.asp
This site mentions the usage of RDRAM in a variety of devices, including the N64
Geek dating! [bunnyhop.com]
/.ed (Score:1)
Dammit, it's only been up a few minutes
What am I supposed to do at 3am, wired on Red Bull if I can't read the techy stats for the PS2?
Don't taunt me, Taco
Ben^3 (4 cans down, 3 to go)Re:Some random tangential thoughts... (Score:1)
It's simple. With RAMBUS they get high bandwidth from very few chips and a very low pin count. Playstation 2 has only two RDRAM ICs. Have a look at a 32MB GeForce DDR and tell me how many RAM chips there are on it... In a guaranteed high volume product with a relatively long life expectancy it makes sense to go for fewer components and fewer tracks for a simpler PCB and simpler manufacturing.
Paul.
Ooooh (Score:1)
I'm wondering, then, if these two deals alone made the Rambus fortune?
Geek dating! [bunnyhop.com]
Error (Score:1)
I understand Unreal Tournament has to use a workaround that requires 4(!) passes over the geometry.
Re:Dreamcast (Score:2)
http://mc.pp.se/dc/
http://members.tripod.co.uk/tom_waters/dreamcas
http://www.dcdev.f2s.com/links/Dreamcast/Progra
http://www.diedrichs.org/dreamcast/
And since the Dreamcast is powered by a Hitachi SH4, you can get detailed, comprehensive documents for that from http://www.hitachi.com
The article doesn't know what FMAC stands for! (Score:3)
Dreamcast (Score:1)
Re:Only 64MB Memory Sticks? (Score:1)
Sony over here still seem to think the 128Meg stick is still in development (well at least thats what they keep telling me.
Does anyone know if there is any "Regionalisation" on Memory-Sticks, and if not, how much is a 256Meg Magic-Gate stick? cos I just have to get some nice chunky ones for my MS Walkman and my C1VE Crusoe VAIO
Nite
Re:What about Dreamcast? (Score:2)
Stop telling bullshit..
Dreamcast does not run Linux. Dreamcast can run two os which are on your game disc, depending on developper's choice. They are Shinobi (sega's light and powerful os, used by 99% of games) or the crappy and discontinued WindowsCE (used by 1% of games). The CE thing is just marketing hype. If you look at first generation japanese dreamcast they had "Designed for Windows CE" on front, newer ones have "Compatible with Windows CE"...
Despite popular rumor, PS2 doesn't run linux either. Devkits consist of two boards, one "real" PS2 hardware, and a pentium class board which is the controller of the development system. This board, which is the one hooked on the network is the ones that runs Red Hat. But in no way does your average PS2 run any Linux.
Re:What about family making $20k/year? (Score:1)
isn't that a large chunk of
how long before we see ps2 banner adds on slashdot
bats = bugs
Re:Here's something weird... (Score:1)
PS2?? (Score:2)
Re:Only 64MB Memory Sticks? (Score:1)
1: If the 64MB is more reliable and has a longer life, then sony is hosing up the other (arguably more important) products. 2: Sure, it's cheaper, but if they're using a standard interface like they should be (Standard to them, anyway) then it shouldn't be an issue and people who want to spend more money can. 3: Ostensibly you will be able to download MP3s via your PS2 and put them on memory stick to be played on your Sony portable mp3 player which uses memory sticks.
Re:Duh! PC is always better. (Score:1)
Console games are often more polished and the "gaming in the sofa" experience is a whole lot better than with a PC. Just for kids? That's just such a 10 years ago attitude =-)
-
Consoles vs PC ..not so easy (Score:1)
You may say that games have different level of details, but toggling on the sky texture isn't really a feature..
The sad truth is that PC HW is just too complex. It's a compatibility nightmare and nobody wants to truly use the current HW at its real capabilites because it would require why too much custom code. PC raw power superiority is wasted in all the sublayers needed to keep some decent compatibility together.
PC game programming is a lot more like application programming.. HW performance doesn't really matter cause "the users will upgrade". PS2 will get eventually behind PC HW (2GHz CPU + NV40) and then consoles will catch up again. The bottom line is: with consoles you can use HW at its fullest.
bau
Re:Some random tangential thoughts... (Score:1)
Slashdotted (Score:1)
Re:What about Dreamcast? (Score:1)
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Re:What about Dreamcast? (Score:1)
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Hardware Hacking... (Score:1)
Re:Bleem (Score:1)
-gerbik
Re:What about Dreamcast? (Score:1)
Re: Why the heck is MIPS so popular? (Score:2)
Good things man. (Score:1)
Smells like fish, tastes like Penguin! The Linux Pimp [thelinuxpimp.com]
Re:Duh! PC is always better. (Score:1)
Re:Some random tangential thoughts... (Score:1)
A couple of comments from a PS2 developer (Score:2)
Somewhat decently informed article but flawed on plenty of points nonetheless. I don't feel like going into details about that though, just to point a few that stand out.
"GS is texel bandwith limited"
- GS is most certainly not texture bandwith limited, quite the opposite, there is headroom left even with all 32bit texel access. (and you can figure in color lookup on GS just as well reducing texel lookup bandwith requirement further if it was really needed).
"GS is underpowered in fillrate vs XBox"
- XBox has only twice the texel rate of PS2. With 1.5 year time gap that hardly makes the latter underpowered. But I guess Tresh likes to forget fillrate jumped up roughly 10times in last 1.5 years on PC market.
"PS1 compatibility is a hardware design"
PS1 compatibility is Not a hardware design, it's software emulated. The only part of PS1 hardware in there is the main cpu that also functions as an I/O unit. The entire 3d pipeline is emulated through EE and GS.
More could be said but I'm kinda tired myself today...
Peace
Re:What about Dreamcast? (Score:1)
Although it doesn't run RedHat Linux, there is a port of BSD to the Dreamcast: (previous slashdot article) [slashdot.org]
It's not Linux, but I'm sure that someone will have a GNU/Linux distro on a CD or GD for the DC soon enough
:wq
But not impossible (Score:1)
You could probably shift the bulk of such a library's work onto the NV20's T&L processor, leaving the x86 to deal with the application's physics code and the like. Of course, Sony hasn't yet released such a library so this is pure speculation.
Re:Duh! PC is always better. (Score:1)
Re:But not impossible (Score:2)
You could probably shift the bulk of such a library's work onto the NV20's T&L processor, leaving the x86 to deal with the application's physics code and the like. Of course, Sony hasn't yet released such a library so this is pure speculation.
Of course, then, you wouldn't have compatibility for the best-performing games on the machine, and no one would want half-done compatibility. Those games are always the ones that go straight to the metal, like some of Square's latest games. While it's a stumbling block not to have libraries for developers getting used to the system, those that do will be writing much more powerful games. The article covers a couple of possible uses of the different units in the Emotion Engine architecture for different kinds of games.
There's also a few other problems that I'm not sure the X-box could handle. The main CPU core is capable of doing two 64-bit integer operations at once. I'm not even sure if the x86 family supports 64-bit integer ops. I'm positive it doesn't support doing them in an explicitly parallel fashion, though you could try to rely on the processor to schedule them at once in a superscalar fashion. At the very least, it won't do 64-bit integer math at optimum speeds. Then, there's always the precise timing based on knowledge of the hardware that emulators sometimes have trouble with.
Add to that the requirement for more memory than the PS2 has total (so that the games and the emulator can all be in memory at once) and the usual 50% or more slow-down that even the best emulators seem to have compared to native chip speeds due to emulator overhead... Well, it seems to be at least nigh-impossible.
Emulation? (Score:1)
With the scarcity of the unit, I could just imagine desparate parents downloading the program just in time for the holidays...
PSX2 vs PC (Score:2)
So, at what time will PC technology surpass the Sony box? Considering the imminent arrival of 1 GHz Athlons, plus the hardware T & L of video cards like the GeForce, will a PC system be able to match the PS2? Or will the I/O limitations of the PC cripple it in comparison to the PS2?
Here's something weird... (Score:1)
Isn't that just crazy? I mean, this is probably totally off-topic, as I am not trying to karma whore here with some freaking technical explanation about something I don't understand anything about, but how come people spend their whole nights out in the cold just that they can buy theirselves a new video game? I mean, think about it, in 10 years you'll feel like those who waited hours to get their ATARI 2600's (no offense, classic gamers, I like it too).
I would also like to say that I think PSX2 is probably cooler than most of the videogames available right now, it's just too bad that it's not being sold in Brazil yet (and won't be for sometime, I guess), and despite the fact that I love the PSX1, they gotta put this thing out in a organized and affordable way before they achieve a huge failure in selling it out (which I think they won't, people will spend their hard-won money on anything).
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i can see it now ... (Score:1)
Progression (Score:3)
I don't see why everybody is so excited about the hardware of all these next generation video game consoles. It really seems like the software is the most important thing. Games that were released with the PS1 are nothing compared to Gran Turismo 2 or the new Tony Hawk. Remember these games are running on 5 or 6 year old technology, and the graphics are not too shabby. Why don't we focus on developing software for these consoles rather than arguing about polygons per second capabilities.
Seems very unlikely (Score:2)
Two words: Hell, no.
Just trying to emulate VU0 & VU1 on the PS2 would be far more than an x86 chip could handle. If you've read the article, you'll remember that that's up to 10 simultaneous floating point calculations that the Emotion Engine platform can chew on at once (1 for the main FPU, 4 for VU0, and 5 for VU1). Intel's SSE can barely choke on 4 at a time, if I recall correctly, coupled with -- maybe -- up to two simultaneously issued instructions to the FPUs on a Celeron. I'll almost guarantee that it gets better FPU performance too. FP and SIMD have not been x86 strong-points compared to other architectures.
Then you've got to consider emulating the interaction between various components of the system, such as how VU0 & VU1 may do math in serial or in parallel to render a scene. Then there's the insane bandwidth between the system and the Graphics Synthesizer -- 2560 bits at 150 MHz. The PS2 is meant to be constantly transferring data over its busses and to make relatively little use of cache. Oh, and then there's the little inconsequential IO processor that's basically a PSX on a chip.
Time will tell whether the X-box will be a better gaming platform or not. However, I don't care how good it is, you won't see something capable of emulating a PS2 for years, unless someone else takes the radical architectural approaches that they did. It's just too different from a regular PC-like architecture, and let's face it -- that's all the X-box is is a suped-up PC in a console box.
Re:What about family making $20k/year? (Score:1)
Re:Some random tangential thoughts... (Score:1)
There's two MIPS cores in the PS2. One in the IOP (the PS1 on a chip), and one in the EE.
Sound is handled seperately by the SPU2, which is two SPUs chained together (SPU being the original PS1 Sound Processing Unit).
The IOP book-keeps the SPU2, reads the controllers, and a few other things (all the external I/O basically). It's actually slightly faster than the original PS1, and has to be slowed down to emulate the PS1. Some people are running their game logic on it, leaving the EE to handle the graphics.
PS2 games can ship on either CD or DVD, it's up to the developer. The copy protection is pretty thorough on both, although the first hack chips have already been announced.
I am a PS2 developer, which probably means I shouldn't comment.
Re:Some random tangential thoughts... (Score:1)
This is incorrect. The PS2 has two disc formats that are used.
1) DVD: these have a silver color on the bottom.
2) CDROM: these are blue on the bottom.
Examples: Evergrace and Kessen were two of the launch titles I purchased on DVD. Moto GP, Tekken, and SSX are CDROM based.
Re:Some random tangential thoughts... (Score:2)
The correct name is MIPS. It isn't a plural
MIPS processors are popular because they give a very good balance between price, performance, and power consumption. Compared to x86 processors, MIPS chips are much cheaper, use much less power, and give better performance at the same clock rate.
Additionally, the MIPS core is smaller than that of equivalent speed Pentiums and Athlons. This makes it easier to customize the processor and to put it on a chip with other parts. Sony has done both of these.
Improper Slashdot article icon for Games? (Score:3)
Re:Some random tangential thoughts... (Score:1)
as someone involved in the embedded market, i'm really annoyed by ill-informed comments like this. there are people at my company actively working on keeping MIPS ports of Linux software up-to-date so our customers can use a decent architecture in their embedded devices (ie. "internet appliances") instead of supporting x86 cruft.
but to answer your question, the MIPS core is so popular because it's an excellent architecture (as noted by others) but also because the core can be licensed and included in custom ASICs. you'll notice that the Sony PS2 CPU is a custom Sony chip with various other blocks on it, but that the MIPS core is also included in that. you can't buy a Pentium core.
- j
Re:What about Dreamcast? (Score:1)
Re:What about Dreamcast? (Score:2)
Re:What about Dreamcast? (Score:1)
Re:Some random tangential thoughts... (Score:1)
Or can't you comment on that.
Re:PSX2 vs PC (Score:1)
Re:PSX2 vs PC (Score:2)
You really cant look at the PS2 in comparison to existing hardware however, since alot of the things that it does is somewhat revolutionary, such as streaming all textures over its buses per frame to give an ilusion of several times more memory for video than whats actually is present.
As for textures on paper, I say the PC can do it with ease in about a year and a half, but in real life attempting to do all that It can at one time, probably two or three.
a fairly technical article... (Score:1)
If this was a product released by any other company (say Sega), would it have had the appeal that it does? The dreamcast never seemed to get really big. I always stuck to PS1 games..
A superior machine w/less appeal b/c of a name.. just a thought (and no, PPC does not fit into this category
You call that in depth PS2 coverage? (Score:2)
It is easy to control all that you see,
Re:What about Dreamcast? (Score:1)
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Read Ars technica articles: (Score:3)
emotion engine overview [arstechnica.com]
ps2 vs pc [arstechnica.com]
-brian
Re:Duh! PC is always better. (Score:1)
Some random tangential thoughts... (Score:2)
This is a hypothetical, but if I recall correctly, Sega Saturn, N64, PSX, PS2, all use MIPs. Maybe other platforms too... but that boils down to the fact that, combined, there are many more MIPs machines out there than there are x86 machines (at least until recently, when PCs started to drop below 1k)
Then there is the issue that N64 and PS2 both use Rambus; why, oh why, would they be hurting for money? Did they happen to make a really stupid license deal, and not realize just how big Nintendo and Sony are, as regards sales of systems? Or is it, because the devices are sold at a loss, that Rambus can't actually make any money? I would have though Sony or Nintendo would suck up the difference?
I'm also wondering if there can be hybrid PS games? Games that play under PSX, but when popped into the PS2, new, additional features and options become available?
Or, as an alternative, could one use a PSX++ development system? Develop using mostly PSX libraries, and use useful supplementary PS2 technologies as needed?
Geek dating! [bunnyhop.com]
Re: Why the heck is MIPS so popular? (Score:2)
Then again... I don't think that the N64 uses RAMBUS, where are you getting this info? Because the N64 came out in 1997, and I'm not quite sure that RDRAM was ready back then....
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Architecture (Score:3)
Yeah. Only a dominant player in the market could force an architecture like that on developers. You can't port much to those vector units; you have to redesign for the platform.
The X-box, on the other hand, is very vanilla. It's an x86 PC with an nVidia graphics controller. Of course, the big problem with the X-box will be manufacturing them cheaply enough.
Re: Why the heck is MIPS so popular? (Score:1)
As far as the PS2 goes, its design almost requires high clock ram since its pitiful amount of vram necessitates swapping textures MANY times per frame.
Re:Nintendo uses RDRAM (Score:1)
Nintendo realised what a dog Rambus memory was.
Note: This is pure speculation on the part of programmers trying to work out why access times plummet and performance jumps when using an expansion pack.
Someone had to ask this... (Score:1)
What are the chances of linux being ported to the PS2?
I mean, granted, I know nothing about the nitty-gritty details of the hardware, etc., but from what I've read and understood, linux running on one of these things would kick some serious ass. USB, Firewire, and an upcoming ethernet card and harddrive, what else could you ask for? I'd like to be able to ssh into my PS2 from work, personally =)
Just a thought...
--
Dave Brooks (db@amorphous.org)
http://www.amorphous.org
Re:This is all wrong... (Score:2)
very poor spelling. it's "grammar."
You always have to have the word "4n" before words starting with a vowell. "4" is used by itself only before constinents.
what the hell is a "constinent?" i think you meant "consonant." and "133t" doesn't begin with a "vowell", fuckwit.
The trolling will continue until the moderation system is fixed
ooh... another moderation revolutionary. how original.
Re:Only 64MB Memory Sticks? (Score:1)
Re:PSX2 vs PC (Score:1)
Uhm... really? Where can I get one of these Macs? I don't think there is such a thing as a 83mhz PCI slot, and I know the Blue and White G3's had 66mhz slots, because I have one. And, would you care to back up your statement that 66mhz PCI is almost as fast as AGP? I like my comp, but I was under the impression that any AGP system would soundly spank it in performance.
Re:Here's something weird... (Score:1)
But still. It's just a video game...
Eh. Maybe I can't understand it without sharing the passion.
-J
Only 64MB Memory Sticks? (Score:1)
This is interesting because in Japan, there are 256MB memory sticks, and there's 128MB sticks here. So is the author of this article privy to some information we don't have about the limitations of the PS2, or are they just ignorant?
I was going to say some other things here, but the site seems to be slashdotted now. This is particularly sad, because I just KNOW there's going to be things in their conclusions that I'd be able to poke full of holes.